Specific gravity:

Overall, the Food Directorate's comprehensive review of the available science of TiO₂ as a food additive showed:

Titanium dioxide is used in the production of paper and textiles to improve whiteness, brightness, opacity and durability. It’s often used in fabrics, yarns, paper and other fibers.

Restraint

0.1% Max

In the application of lithopone in ink industry, lithopone has fine particles, loose structure, good fineness and good paint adhesion, so it can be well combined with other colors in the composition of ink.

Exposure routes are the pathways that allow ingredients to enter our bodies. Primary exposure routes include: 

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have also been found in human placentae and in infant meconium, indicating its ability to be transferred from mother to fetus. 

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a chemically inert inorganic compound and an insoluble white solid that occurs naturally in several minerals, including rutile, anatase, and brookite. It is created synthetically from the mineral ilmenite. It is an insoluble white solid. Anatase, when compared to brookite and routine, has the most industrial applications, but it is the most toxic form of TiO2.

In a small study published in the European Journal of Nutrition in 2020, researchers examined the effects of several food additives, including titanium dioxide, along with artificial sweeteners and cleaning products by testing the fecal samples of 13 people. Titanium dioxide was among the samples that “induced significant shifts in microbiome community structure.”  The growth of the bacterium species belonging to C. leptum, which has been shown to decrease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, “significantly decreased in the presence of … titanium dioxide” among other additives and sweeteners tested.

According to the feedback of the manufacturers, the new mainstream factory has risen, and the overall transaction center of the market has moved up. On the demand side, the terminal is currently considering stocking up in autumn, and the actual transaction willingness is enhanced; From the supply side, some mainstream manufacturers have increased the load, and the actual output of the industry has increased. Some plastics and papermaking related downstream feedback some of the tight models are more expensive. Recent titanium dioxide raw material price trend is strong, titanium dioxide price upward support also increased, comprehensive market factors, the current price of titanium dioxide rose again.

Assessment of skin penetration and biohazard in vivo

The major restraint to the global Lithopone market is the availability of numerous white pigment substitutes. It can be replaced by other inorganic white pigments such as Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) and Sachtolith. Among these substitutes, the introduction of TiO2 has reduced the commercial importance of Lithopone white pigment. Compared to other white pigments, TiO2 has high brightness and refractive index, which results in lower pigment loading.